An adult woman’s period usually lasts four to seven days, usually occurring every 21 to 35 days. However, there are certain conditions that can cause irregular periods, including menstrual cramps and abnormal amounts of bleeding.
Before knowing the treatment of this irregular or missed period, it is very important to identify the causes which are as follows:
Reasons
Endometriosis: This is a condition in which endometrial tissue (the lining of the vagina) begins to grow outside the uterus. This tissue covers the ovary or its ducts. This can result in abnormal bleeding and severe pain before or during menstruation.
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): This is a bacterial infection that affects the female reproductive system. Its symptoms include bad smell during menstruation, heavy bleeding, irregular periods and pain in the lower part of the navel.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): In polycystic ovary syndrome, the ovaries begin to produce large amounts of androgens, which cause ovulation to be interrupted or delayed. This condition also causes irregular periods. It can sometimes stop menstruation altogether.
Primary ovarian insufficiency: This condition occurs in cisgender women under the age of 40. A cisgender is someone whose gender is closer to female at birth but not completely female. In such sex, the ovaries do not function properly, causing missed or irregular periods.
Thyroid or Pituitary Gland Disorders: Hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and other similar disorders affect hormones. It also causes irregularity in menstruation.
Bleeding Disorders: If a woman has a bleeding or clotting disorder, such women may experience heavy menstrual bleeding.
Cervical Cancer: Certain cancers can affect the menstrual cycle. Symptoms may include bleeding that is heavier than usual or comes after periods.
Sometimes there are a few lifestyle related causes which are as follows:
Stress, weight loss or gain, exercise routines that result in excessive loss of body fat, viruses or other illnesses can also affect certain days.
Certain medications, pregnancy and breastfeeding complications can also cause irregular periods. This includes birth control pills. Certain days may remain affected for up to six months after stopping such drugs.
Similarly, steroids, anticoagulants, abortion drugs or ectopic pregnancy can also affect menstruation. An ectopic pregnancy occurs when the sperm develops outside of its normal place in the uterus. Also, surgery, injury or any obstruction in the uterus, ovaries or fallopian tubes can also cause irregular periods.
Treatment
Hormonal birth control: Irregular periods caused by PCOS, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, PCOS or other similar medical conditions can be managed with hormonal birth control medications. These medicines help stabilize periods.
Tranexamic acid: This drug is prescribed to treat heavy menstrual bleeding.
Ibuprofen: Ibuprofen or acetaminophen is used to relieve mild to moderate pain during menstruation.
Hormone therapy: Hormone therapy is given when a woman has reached menopause. Other symptoms include vaginal dryness and facial flushing and flushing, along with irregular periods. There are a few risks associated with hormone therapy, so be sure to check with your doctor first.
Antibiotics: These are taken when the cause of the affected period is a bacterial infection.
Gonadotropin hormone antagonists: These drugs shrink the size of the uterus and control heavy bleeding, but be aware that they can also temporarily stop menstruation.
Some conditions become serious and require surgery to correct them.
1) Endometrial ablation: This is a procedure that uses heat, cold or different types of energy to destroy the tissue that has lined your uterus. However, it should be noted that this procedure should be avoided if you wish to conceive in the future.
Uterine artery embolization (2): This operation cuts off the blood supply to the uterus to prevent excess bleeding.
3) Hysterectomy: In severe cases, sometimes the vaginal tissues grow into the ovaries and abdomen. Hysterectomy is done to remove it. This choice of operation is done at the last stage when all other procedures have failed.
